Abstract

Environmental pollution is increasing daily owing to various industrial processes and

modern agricultural activities. The overuse of organic and inorganic components leads

to the accumulation of toxic synthetic compounds in water, soil, air, food products, and

humans. Through the food chain, these pollutants can easily enter the human health

system and have numerous impacts. To manage these pollutants in water, soil, food and

humans, it is essential to accurately detect and quantify their levels. Here, we review

the water, soil, food and human health impacts of various pollutants. Furthermore, we

focus on various types of sensors used for the detection of environmental pollutants,

and their modes of action are elaborated. In addition, the use of these sensor-based

devices to detect various pollutants in different samples, such as water, soil, various

food materials, and human’s samples, has been critically analyzed. In addition, we

elaborated on the challenges associated with monitoring pollutants in environmental

medium at regular intervals.